Thursday, January 6, 2011

Final Thoughts


When I made up my mind to go to South Africa to teach, I have to admit I didn’t sit and research what it would be like in South Africa. I think the best way to get to know something different from what you know is to experience it without any preconceived notions of what to expect. My two months of teaching at Kingswood College in Grahamstown, South Africa and actually living with Professor Baxen, my field coordinator, who observed me twice, was definitely an experience that I would do again. But knowing what I do now, I would have voiced my thoughts more openly.
 After I met everyone I’d be working with at Kingswood, the staff, students, etc, I wanted to feel out what the school was like. I paid close attention to the lingo used, the way the staff communicated with one another, the expectations, behaviors from students and the best practices teachers used with the students. After a few days, I definitely began to pick up on some of these and I used them myself. My cooperating teacher and I were extremely different people, but by the end of my student teaching, we were the best of colleagues. Although we had an age difference, lived in different countries, had different views on many things, we both shared a common ground; our love for teaching. We wanted students to experience academic success, so when she had ideas to bring to the table, I was there to grab them as she was when I came up with ideas for the classroom.
          I was able to immerse myself in teaching at Kingswood by volunteering to help with sport, going on swimming event field trips and volunteering after school with students from the township. I wish I could have had more time working with students in the township, but my short 6 week teaching experience didn’t give much leeway for extra time to observe or travel during school hours. The language barrier (I do not speak Xhosa or Afrikaans) was also very frustrating.  In retrospect, I would recommend all COST students to observe multiple times at schools for students with special needs in different cities in South Africa as well as different township schools. Also, I realized I had to be vocal and proactive with my visits because you really are on your own in regards to setting up a life for yourself while you’re teaching in a different country. You can give off any impression you want, no one knows you, so you better get in good with people who can make your stay more valuable; people who can help you to understand why things are the way they are. For example, why there aren’t more special education schools or resources in Grahamstown, why there is still so much tension between ethnicities. It all goes back to South Africa and one word; apartheid. To me, this was so critical to understand. It boggles my mind. I learned throughout my teaching experience, however, to listen. Instead of imposing my thoughts upon people that I met, I listened. Listening to people’s views helped me to understand things in a different context. It made issues in the country real to me and understandable.          
As I sit back and try to think of what I learned about myself as a teacher through this experience, I think the two most critical things I learned were; to be myself and not try to change my teaching style for someone else and never teach a new strategy with a new concept.  When you try to fit yourself into a box to make someone else happy, you are straying away from everything that makes you, you. I’m not saying that if you are teaching rote material that has no meaning or relevance to children, and that’s what makes you comfortable, to keep doing it.
The students in the classroom where I taught were used to whole group instruction, sitting in their desks, facing forward. Many worksheets were passed out and students were very comfortable with working independently and being watched by the teacher, everyone coloring in their little pictures perfectly, inside the lines, only one right answer. Creative thinking was new for these students, and this is what I’m used to. Think outside the box….come up with your own ideas….you teach me and I’ll be the facilitator. This was very hard for my students to do. They are used to a different way of thinking. I learned so much about different teaching styles through this experience. There are so many ways to fill a student’s mind with knowledge; we all do it in different ways.
I set high expectations for myself in everything I do. I, also, do not believe in mediocrity. I think I rose to the occasion through this experience. I formed many relationships and grew as an educator. I was able to view a different country without just reading about it, I went and saw things and listened to people who have lived there their entire lives. Now I can piece together the pieces I brought back with me with the information I read in books on politics, education systems and the racial tensions. I am blessed to have had this opportunity and I will greatly miss South Africa.

Friday, December 17, 2010

Adventure Home

 
This is where things get a little complicated. Since we booked my ticket for South Africa as a package deal, I planned on flying out of Port Elizabeth on my way home.  My last two weeks took me to Cape Town where I stayed at Atlantic Point for 2 weeks, so unfortunately, Port Elizabeth & Cape Town are about 9 hours a part from each other.

The way my flight works is that I go from Port Elizabeth to Cape Town, Cape Town to Amsterdam & Amsterdam to Detroit. As you can see, I thought my dilemma would be an easy fix. Cancel the arm from Port Elizabeth to Cape Town and flight directly out of Cape Town since I was already there. No sire! My mom was on the phone for over an hour trying to figure things out and in the end the airlines refused to do this and told her if I did not show up for my arm in Port Elizabeth, my entire flight would be cancelled.

So, I decided to improvise. I ended up booking a ticket on the Intercape bus ($70 US dollars) to Port Elizabeth & was graciously offered to be fetched by Marvine and Kelly from Intercape station. Sounds like a good plan, right?

Well…when I got to the Intercape station last night, I was sure surprised. Chaotic is the best word to describe this bus system. Nichole, Leah & I all had tickets that departed at 6pm. Nichole & Leah were heading to Grahamstown, and I was off to Port Elizabeth. Logically speaking, we all thought we’d share a bus since Grahamstown is sort of inland after Port Elizabeth.

Come to find out, I was on my own bus. In the muffle of things and the lack of direction and communication from the staff at the Intercape, we hectically said our goodbyes and I was off to wait in line with many people who didn’t speak English very well. I waited in line outside in the center of Cape Town for over an hour and a half with my luggage. My bus finally departed at 7:30pm. The bus seats were extremely full & the bathroom was less then appealing. No toilet paper or anything and no way to flush or wash your hands.

To make the travel even better….the last two weeks of my trip my stomach has been pretty finicky. I thought it was due to eating habits and travel, but it has only gotten worse so I am starting on antibiotic for bacteria that I may have gotten here in the water. So without saying too much, the lack of an appropriate toilet was not exactly ideal in my situation....haha

The entire 12 hour ride to Port Elizabeth, people were listening to loud phones playing music, talking on cell phones and the television in the bus was full of static and only outlines of people’s bodies could be recognized. I couldn’t sleep. 

Once I got off the bus and Marvine and Kelly were there, I broke down! I was so happy to see them. I actually started CRYING from how uncomfortable I felt on this bus. It’s actually pretty depressing. People from the township take these busses all the time, and I do once, and I can’t even handle it. It was just so out of the ordinary for me. It definitely made me appreciate the modes of transport in Grand Rapids where I live. I can’t even imagine taking a bus like that everyday.

Once I was at Kelly’s host family’s house, I was able to shower & relax. However, I ended up getting very sick from my stomach. This is when Kelly’s mom gave me some antibiotic her travel doctor had given her for severe stomach problems while traveling. I am on my second pill and I’m hoping this wipes out my stomach cramping!!

Right now I’m sitting in Cape Town airport, I made my way from Cape Town to Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth to Cape Town and after 6 more hours of waiting at the airport, I will be off to Amsterdam. I’m feeling better and hopefully things will stay this way for the rest of the trip. I’m going to plan on getting a lot of sleep on the next two flights! Everything I’ve learned on this travel home has made me stronger….you must live and learn and experience things that make you feel uncomfortable once in awhile to appreciate what you have.

Monday, December 13, 2010

3 more days in Cape Town

View from the top of Table Mountain
 I've been in Cape Town now for almost two weeks and I have been able to see much of it because of the amazing friends who have taken me around in cars as well as Kelly and her mother Cheryl who took me with them on a bus tour all around the Cape including to Table Mountain, Camps Bay, Clifton, District 6, Long Street and the Aquarium. 

My time in Cape Town has been spent going to the beach, specifically Clifton (gorgeous), going out to dinner at some beautiful restaurants, traveling around town via mini bus (only R6 per trip, equivalent to less then $1 US dollars), hanging out with friends at the hostel, and trying to see as many sites as possible. As my money dwindles, my mind is increasingly thinking about home and seeing my wonderful friends (Feather, Erin, Kim & Lacie to name a few), my amazing boyfriend, Dave, his wonderful family & OF COURSE.....my fantastic parents, grandparents and brother.  


I hope to go to the District 6 Museum before I leave, which tells the stories of the black people who were removed from their homes and placed in separate living areas. This is one of the areas most impacted by the apartheid and as we drove through District 6, you could see many deserted areas of grass and weeds which have never been rebuilt. 

I felt intense desolation and sadness as we drove through this area. It's amazing the great lengths people will go to, to separate themselves from people who they feel are different from what they know in culture, language and skin tone. Different means to many the "unknown", territory not stepped upon. But how can someone say, "If you are different then me, you do not deserve to even have a home. Let me destroy your home and put you in another area so I don't have to even look at you." 


My adventures are coming to an end, and I can't help but think about my students from the township who have NEVER seen the ocean, or lions, elephants and monkeys. South Africa is a beautiful place, but like the United States, we isolate the poor into corners and then we don't give them access to the resources and means to get back out. 

I remember waving to my students from the township the last day we volunteered...they walked their separate ways to the township where we were told not to go, and we unlocked the gate to Kingswood which had barbed wire around it, and we had the key. Who knows if these students will ever have "the key"...to feel as if they are valued members in society. To feel that they are "somebody" who will contribute to the good of the nation.

The poor in the United States happens to be the minorities, and their standard of living is considered almost RICH to the poverty seen in South Africa. In South Africa, over 80% of black and coloured people make up the population, yet they account for the entire "poor" population. What it comes down to, is that race & socioeconomic status should not be so closely related. What must we do in the United States to change this? We all have an ethical obligation to try. 


This is my last blog entry before I return home to the states! Only 3 more days left....I will see you all when I return. Cheers!
Two benches which represent when segregation was in full effect. 

I thought this was an interesting quote and picture

Cable car we took up to Table Mountain

Another beautiful view

So cool!!!




Friday, December 10, 2010

Traveling the Western Cape
















I'm officially done with my first week of traveling...or "holiday" as they call it in South Africa. The girls I was living with in Grahamstown, who are also doing the COST program, wanted to travel to Cape Town so luckily, we found an amazing friend here who offered to drive us there and show us places along the way (Maryke). We booked two hostels, Dijembe (Storms River) and Oasis Shanti (Oudtshoorn) along the route which is often referred to as the "Garden Route." The last night of our travels we stayed with Maryke's family in Paarl. 

During the 4 days we traveled the "Garden Route" we stopped in Port Elizabeth for breakfast at a place called Tiffanys (get it?), Jeffreys Bay, Tsitsikamma National Park, Fairview & L'Avenir & Waterford Wineries, Cango Caves, Ladismith and we were able to climb the Paarl Rock! Once we were on top, there was an amazing view! We came to Atlantic Point Hostel on Monday Dec 6 and since then I have gone to the beach most everyday, different beaches of course. My favorite is Clifton. It is an amazing beach with a gorgeous view. I have also gone out a few nights with friends from the hostel, and I went to a Braai with friends we met in Grahamstown! I have been having such an amazing time.

Kelly and her mother get here today and stay at Atlantic Point through the 15th! We are going to climb table mountain, hopefully go to some markets, and experience Cape Town. I am very lucky that the people that have been staying at the hostel have been so easy to bond with. I've known most for less then 3 days, but we have all had such great fun drinking wine & eating snacks while talking about our lives! So many people have been traveling for over a year or more. It definitely starts my mind thinking about where my next adventure will be....maybe Europe? France? Spain? Greece? Who knows but I do know one thing for sure. Traveling opens your eyes to so many things you haven't thought about before....and once you realize it, I can see how it is easy to become addicted. 


Well all for now, we leave Thursday at 5pm to head home....See you all soon!

Tuesday, November 30, 2010

Some thoughts...

It’s hard to believe that just 6 weeks ago, I was so looking forward to coming to a new country, some place that seemed as far away as my mind could imagine. I always get these big ideas in my head about places I want to visit. The last “thing” was moving to Hawaii after I graduated from high school. Why, you may ask. I just thought of it on the fly. Now when people ask me “Why South Africa?” and I always tell them, “Because it’s the first place that came to my mind.” In all honesty, there are so many places that I would love to visit, but something about a country that so recently came out of apartheid, with so much political turmoil and beauty, captivated me. I was so interested in the culture here and had preconceived notions…and of course my expectations were not at all what I experienced.

It was very disturbing to me that I found so many similarities between the United States and South Africa in regards to segregation. The poor township schools are all black students, whereas some government schools that charge fees as well as the private schools that cost a fortune are majority white. I have to remind myself that less then 20 years ago, in 1994, there were no schools for black children or colored children. South Africa is in a more challenging state then we were in the 60’s in regards to education. Where to now? There is so much tension between races; it is almost like a cloud you walk through when talking to people on the topic. You may wonder if I have gotten into intense discussions about race while I have been here. The answer is no. Everyone that knows me here understands I believe everyone is equal; skin color does not make one person more intelligent than another. But my job here is to LISTEN and take in everything I can. This is not to say I have not been horrified by some comments I’ve heard while I’ve been here. However, I have also been horrified by comments made by people in the very United States where we pride ourselves on equality. It makes me sick.

I ask myself how to fix this problem. Someone always has to be the under dog…people are always thinking one culture is better than another. And the only way to help solve this problem is through education and educating youth. The color of your skin does not matter. Different languages make the world a beautiful place to live. In the United States I see this with inner city schools. Why are some students given resources and a bright future simply because of what family they were born into? It’s not fair, and humans are stubborn and stuck in their ways, how can I change them? Well…everyone… I guarantee I will spend the rest of my life trying.

Tuesday, November 23, 2010

6 more days of teaching to go....

One of my adorable students....ready for "Going Green"

Helping the girls get ready for the play!
Well, only 6 more days of teaching to go & then I'm off to travel South Africa! We are starting by leaving for the garden route early on Dec 3rd. From there we will stop at Jeffrey's Bay, Plettenberg Bay, and Bungee jumping for Nichole and Leah who are CRAZY!! I wanted to go, but I talked myself out of it. Lame I know. We will be spending the night at a hostel called Dijembe and the next day we will go to Cango Caves and a few more beaches. 

The second night we are staying at Ocean Shanti and the next morning we will go visit some wineries. Maryke, the lovely woman who offered to drive us to Cape Town and travel with us, is letting us stay with her that night. 

The next day we will head to Cape Town and I will stay at Atlantic Point hostel from December 6-17. It's a long time to stay in one place, but there is a lot to do around Cape Town and I know this hostel is very safe. I am SO excited to travel. I can't wait to meet new people and see new things.

I can't believe that I am almost done. I am going to miss all of the children I have been working closely with...children at Kingswood and my ACE students at the Lebone Center. What I have gotten used to, since I have worked with many students throughout my year and a half of student teaching, is that you leave an impression on everyone you meet and teach, but in the long run, the kids are kids and they move on to meet new people who become a part of their lives. That is the best part. 

The hardest part is leaving the students who are in the township and may never get out. I wish I could just bring everyone back to Michigan with me. I'll just have to come back for some sort of community project and help within the townships. Yes, definitely. 

I have a long life to live and many places to see! It is also hard because I don't feel like I've helped at all in regards to the effects of the apartheid. I don't even know what needs to be done. The government in South Africa is so messed up, its crazy. The world is such a vast place....and you realize how many things need to be changed in the world you live in, when you travel. The U.S has access to about every resource possible. It makes me want to be done complaining about what we don't have and try to think of solutions to the problems that make inequalities so observable. 


Well, I will probably only write in this blog one more time before I travel! Then you all will have to wait for two weeks until I return home. I won't have access to a computer when I'm traveling...so Cheers everyone and Happy Holidays!!


Miss Peterson

Tuesday, November 16, 2010

Kuyasa, a very special school....

I was fortunate enough to spend the entire day at Kuyasa, the only special education center in Grahamstown. This school is considered an LSEN (learner with special education needs) school. I was picked up by the principal, Jill Rothman. Kuyasa is set in the township area and most of the students are black. From my observations, the students that attend Kuyasa range from students with severe cognitive impairments to students with mild cognitive impairments as well as students with autism, emotional impairment and learning disabilities. Kuyasa was started in 1981, and at this time, there were only 8 students with two aids and Jill. 

Currently, there are 144 students with various special needs and 13 teachers. It is amazing how Kuyasa has grown. Kuyasa is a special school that encompasses students speaking Xhosa, English and Afrikaans. It was interesting to me that some of the teachers working there do not have degrees in Special Education; however, they are studying to become certified in this area. Because Xhosa and Afrikaans teachers are much needed, the language area teachers are competent in almost becomes more important than a special education degree; understanding what students are saying and teaching in their native language is of utmost importance.
The school has four levels:
  • Primary
  • Junior (which include classes taught in Afrikaans and Xhosa)
  • Middle (which include classes taught in Afrikaans and Xhosa as well as a practical stream for students with more severe special needs)
  • Senior (which include classes taught in Afrikaans and Xhosa as well as a practical, vocational and pre-vocational classes to prepare students for their future jobs)
Since there is such a diverse population in regards to levels students are functioning at, the students range from many different ages in each level. There is not a "classification" or "label" or "age" that determines if they will be in primary, junior, middle or senior class. The teachers determine if the student will be able to succeed in these levels or if they need to be taught more practical skills such as hygiene, cooking, basic health knowledge, etc....things we would think of as adaptive skills. If so, the students are placed in the "practical" classrooms.

The students who have milder to moderate disabilities job shadow after their vocational classes are carried out. They job shadow in different businesses in the area including welding, glass repair, sewing, plumbing, etc. Jill has developed a wonderful program for students after they graduate where they can apply through Rhodes University to work in the kitchen or cleaning staff. They are paid wages and employed through the university with health care offered too. This program is only available for students who are extremely highly functioning, students who would, in America, be in normal classes.

 Kuyasa was developed to teach students with severe cognitive impairment, students with IQ's under 50. However, because of the lack of training in government funded schools for special education, the principal accepts students with lesser impairment because if she refuses the students, they will end up sitting in the back of the classroom without differentiation or accommodation. The students will go unnoticed and give up or drop out. 

 We are extremely lucky in America to have so many options for our students with special needs. We often focus on what we DON'T have and complain until we are blue in the face. It is true, that a system can always be better, however, let's give thanks for the resources we do have: competent staff who know about Special Education, Let's give thanks for the many schools a parent of a student with special needs may choose from....for the idea of least restrictive environment, positive behavior support, for our knowledge and understanding of differentiated interventions for students with learning impairments, autism, emotional impairment. 

Kuyasa is an inspiration of a school because the resources are not abundant. Kuyasa makes do with the resources and available staff it has. The emphasis is on “whole circle” teaching as I say. Making the student learn concepts that are of value…so the student may transfer these into their lives outside of school. The idea is very similar to natural teaching. 

Some students, at the age of 14, were still in 2nd grade at these township/government funded schools. This is why Kuyasa accepts the students who have mild intellectual disabilities. They are not served AT ALL in the government schools. When Kuyasa is full, students are placed on a waiting list and determined eligible or ineligible for services at Kuyasa. 

The process of referring a student to a LSEN school like Kuyasa is different than America in so far as the documents in South Africa are not legally binding, IQ tests do not always have to be carried out to place a child at Kuyasa (unless referred by a government school) and the previous teachers of students often do not send the information about a student to Kuyasa as the principal requests (portfolio, health information, family information, etc.). Many times students with special needs, if not enrolled in a government school, sit in their homes. If parents bring the student in to enroll, the student does not need an IQ test. However, if a teacher in the government school believes that the student is not able to be serviced there, he/she must fill out a Referral which expresses:
  • reasons for referral
  • general health
  • large motor development
  • fine motor development
  • body awareness
  • visual perception
  • sensory
  • language development (vocabulary, speech, sentence construction, expression)
  • cognitive development (mathematics concepts)
  • concentration
  • art development
In an idealistic world, once the teacher fills out the form, the ILST (institution learner support team) would determine if the students sounds like they would benefit from Kuyasa. The teachers from the government schools would be involved in this process. This is very similar to our Child Study Team’s in Michigan. Then the next step would be for the DBST (district based support team) to determine if the student is eligible after reviewing the paperwork. However, this is NOT how the process goes. The DBST gives Kuyasa staff hardly any support, although they are the head of the special education staff, they know nothing about it. So instead, Jill and her head of department end up going through all the paperwork and determining if the students should come to the school on their own. This takes hours of reading through paperwork, which often seems vague after the government teachers have filled it out.


While observing at Kuyasa, I noticed a huge emphasize on art. The students learn how to make beautiful art projects including painting, pottery, art, sewing, beaded masks and more. Kuyasa believes in finding the things students enjoy, not trying to get students to succeed in areas where they have the potential to just graze, but really giving students something to feel confident about. The students sell their products at markets and keep the money for their classrooms. The learner must understand the VALUE of their work to be motivated to complete it. I think art motivates most of us.

Students also learn maths, literacy development (they use a program called Molteno which focuses on hands on and visual literacy), life orientation, living skills, technology and more. The students work on things that are adapted for the level in which they are functioning.

It is so so important to remember that apartheid played an enormous part in South Africa’s education system. The focus now is on trying to desegregate black, colored and white people. Special education has taken the back seat to more obvious issues. I think that Kuyasa is a great example of a school that refuses to give up. The principal is extremely enthusiastic and committed and it takes enormous dedication and patience to deal with all the issues she has on a daily basis.

I hope in the future that special education will become more understood in South Africa. I’m not sure what the next step needs to be. First the main issue of black against white needs to be resolved. The government is doing all the wrong things it seems, especially with the Black Economic Empowerment Initiative. This is sort of like affirmative action but to more extremes. I think that the only way to move on from the past is to look towards the future and make it evident that all groups are equal and capable of succeeding in the same areas.

On a last note, it is important to understand that the government schools in South Africa function on a Quintile system which rates schools from 1-5, 1 being the fully free schools and 5 being the schools with the least funding.

In a small town like Grahamstown, what happens is that private schools are for the richest of the rich, and rich parents who have a child with special needs try to get them in there or move to a larger city like Cape Town that offers more resources for students with special needs.

The government schools range from schools that parents must pay a small fee to attend and are attended by all ethnicities and then the township schools that are free to attend and funded by the government, but the teachers and staff and resources at these schools are not adequate. I think it all depends on the staff at a school. In any school, if you have passionate teachers who are willing to spend their own money and expel many long nights thinking of interesting, motivating, lessons, students will do well.
Kuyasa Building

Painting on the Fence around Kuyasa

Some of the students!!

Wonderful artwork

More artwork done by students

Students playing games during break time

I would never have guessed how much I would learn about our education system in America by coming to another country. I am so satisfied with my decision to go into special education and I will spend the rest of my life trying to educate the world on the challenge, joy and wonder of working with students with special needs.